Alexandrium spp.: Genetic and ecological factors influencing saxitoxin production and proliferation
- Publisher:
- De Guyter
- Publication Type:
- Chapter
- Citation:
- Climate Change and Marine and Freshwater Toxins, 2021, 2, pp. 133-166
- Issue Date:
- 2021
Closed Access
| Filename | Description | Size | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10.1515_9783110625738-004.pdf | Published version | 194.69 kB |
Copyright Clearance Process
- Recently Added
- In Progress
- Closed Access
This item is closed access and not available.
In past decades, research efforts have been focused on understanding the distribution patterns and factors regulating the dynamics of toxic Alexandrium blooms. Many of the local or regional PSP problems are now well characterized (e.g., [29, 30]).Extensive surveys have resulted in forecast models [31] and monitoring strategies [32]that help to reduce the economic losses and assess the ecological risks of toxic out-breaks. The intense research on species of the genus conducted worldwide also revealed that toxic bloom events caused by Alexandrium have increased in the recent past [33], and that new blooms have occurred in previously unaffected areas [34, 35].Examples of recent expansions of Alexandrium species are the East Siberian coasts[36], the Mediterranean Sea [37] and the Baltic [38]. Human-assisted introductions, particularly of cysts [39, 40], eutrophication [41] and habitat changes [42], have been identified as factors promoting dispersal and bloom formation. Increasingly, the potential effects of climate change on Alexandrium growth, toxicity and bloom formation are also being addressed by scientists (e.g., [43, 44]). Advances in the understanding of the role of climate factors in bloom formation and toxicity will be particularly addressed in this review
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: