Transmission of Foot-and-Mouth Disease SAT2 Viruses at the Wildlife-Livestock Interface of Two Major Transfrontier Conservation Areas in Southern Africa.

Brito, BP; Jori, F; Dwarka, R; Maree, FF; Heath, L; Perez, AM

Transmission of Foot-and-Mouth Disease SAT2 Viruses at the Wildlife-Livestock Interface of Two Major Transfrontier Conservation Areas in Southern Africa.

Brito, BP Jori, F Dwarka, R Maree, FF Heath, L Perez, AM

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Publisher:: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Front Microbiol, 2016, 7, (APR), pp. 528
Issue Date:: 2016

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Brito, BP
dc.contributor.author	Jori, F
dc.contributor.author	Dwarka, R
dc.contributor.author	Maree, FF
dc.contributor.author	Heath, L
dc.contributor.author	Perez, AM
dc.date.accessioned	2022-04-01T00:59:59Z
dc.date.available	2016-03-31
dc.date.available	2022-04-01T00:59:59Z
dc.date.issued	2016
dc.identifier.citation	Front Microbiol, 2016, 7, (APR), pp. 528
dc.identifier.issn	1664-302X
dc.identifier.issn	1664-302X
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/155845
dc.description.abstract	Over a decade ago, foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) re-emerged in Southern Africa specifically in beef exporting countries that had successfully maintained disease-free areas in the past. FMD virus (FMDV) serotype SAT2 has been responsible for a majority of these outbreaks. Epidemiological studies have revealed the importance of the African buffalo as the major wildlife FMD reservoir in the region. We used phylogeographic analysis to study dynamics of FMD transmission between buffalo and domestic cattle at the interface of the major wildlife protected areas in the region currently encompassing two largest Transfrontier conservation areas: Kavango-Zambezi (KAZA) and Great Limpopo (GL). Results of this study showed restricted local occurrence of each FMDV SAT2 topotypes I, II, and III, with occasional virus migration from KAZA to GL. Origins of outbreaks in livestock are frequently attributed to wild buffalo, but our results suggest that transmission from cattle to buffalo also occurs. We used coalescent Bayesian skyline analysis to study the genetic variation of the virus in cattle and buffalo, and discussed the association of these genetic changes in the virus and relevant epidemiological events that occurred in this area. Our results show that the genetic diversity of FMDV SAT2 has decreased in buffalo and cattle population during the last decade. This study contributes to understand the major dynamics of transmission and genetic variation of FMDV SAT2 in Southern Africa, which will could ultimately help in designing efficient strategies for the control of FMD at a local and regional level.
dc.format	Electronic-eCollection
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
dc.relation.ispartof	Front Microbiol
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.3389/fmicb.2016.00528
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	0502 Environmental Science and Management, 0503 Soil Sciences, 0605 Microbiology
dc.title	Transmission of Foot-and-Mouth Disease SAT2 Viruses at the Wildlife-Livestock Interface of Two Major Transfrontier Conservation Areas in Southern Africa.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	7
utslib.location.activity	Switzerland
utslib.for	0502 Environmental Science and Management
utslib.for	0503 Soil Sciences
utslib.for	0605 Microbiology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - ithree - Institute of Infection, Immunity and Innovation
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.date.updated	2022-04-01T00:59:56Z
pubs.issue	APR
pubs.publication-status	Published online
pubs.volume	7
utslib.citation.issue	APR

Abstract:

Over a decade ago, foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) re-emerged in Southern Africa specifically in beef exporting countries that had successfully maintained disease-free areas in the past. FMD virus (FMDV) serotype SAT2 has been responsible for a majority of these outbreaks. Epidemiological studies have revealed the importance of the African buffalo as the major wildlife FMD reservoir in the region. We used phylogeographic analysis to study dynamics of FMD transmission between buffalo and domestic cattle at the interface of the major wildlife protected areas in the region currently encompassing two largest Transfrontier conservation areas: Kavango-Zambezi (KAZA) and Great Limpopo (GL). Results of this study showed restricted local occurrence of each FMDV SAT2 topotypes I, II, and III, with occasional virus migration from KAZA to GL. Origins of outbreaks in livestock are frequently attributed to wild buffalo, but our results suggest that transmission from cattle to buffalo also occurs. We used coalescent Bayesian skyline analysis to study the genetic variation of the virus in cattle and buffalo, and discussed the association of these genetic changes in the virus and relevant epidemiological events that occurred in this area. Our results show that the genetic diversity of FMDV SAT2 has decreased in buffalo and cattle population during the last decade. This study contributes to understand the major dynamics of transmission and genetic variation of FMDV SAT2 in Southern Africa, which will could ultimately help in designing efficient strategies for the control of FMD at a local and regional level.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/155845