Synthesis and cytotoxicity analysis of porous β-TCP/starch bioceramics

Turan, Y; Kalkandelen, C; Palaci, Y; Sahin, A; Gokce, H; Gunduz, O; Ben-Nissan, B

Synthesis and cytotoxicity analysis of porous β-TCP/starch bioceramics

Turan, Y Kalkandelen, C Palaci, Y Sahin, A Gokce, H Gunduz, O Ben-Nissan, B

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Publisher:: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, 2022, 58, (2), pp. 487-494
Issue Date:: 2022-04-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Turan, Y
dc.contributor.author	Kalkandelen, C
dc.contributor.author	Palaci, Y
dc.contributor.author	Sahin, A
dc.contributor.author	Gokce, H
dc.contributor.author	Gunduz, O
dc.contributor.author	Ben-Nissan, B
dc.date.accessioned	2023-02-14T03:53:28Z
dc.date.available	2023-02-14T03:53:28Z
dc.date.issued	2022-04-01
dc.identifier.citation	Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, 2022, 58, (2), pp. 487-494
dc.identifier.issn	2510-1560
dc.identifier.issn	2510-1579
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/166108
dc.description.abstract	The production of porous ceramics for biomedical applications is widely available in the Ceramics industry. In bioceramic applications, interconnected pores are pertinent to increase osteoconductivity and cell proliferation. However, an increase in pore size and the pore amount decrease the mechanical properties. For this reason, pore properties must be precisely controlled. In this study, the effect of a natural pore-forming agent, corn starch addition, and sintering conditions on mechanical properties and biocompatibility was investigated. During mixing, four different starch amounts (1, 3, 5, and 10 wt%) were added to pure beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) ceramic powders and pressed. Pressed pellets were sintered at 1000, 1100, 1200, and 1300 °C. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to investigate microstructure, texture, pore size, and cell adhesion. The mechanical properties of the β-TCP ceramic parts were further characterized by measuring the density and compressive strength. Cytotoxicity tests were carried out with MTT assays. The optimum mechanical properties were obtained at 1100 °C sintered biocomposites. Although starch starts to burn around 410 °C and analytical results show no presence of starch after the sintering process, biocomposites initially containing 10% starch showed improved cell proliferation. However, a reduction of 59% in compressive strength and a 16% reduction in the density were also recorded. It was observed that 10 wt% starch addition increases cell proliferation by 10% in sintered β-TCP samples. Starch powder additions can be used to increase the cell viability of the material by facilitating the creation of pores, as a low-cost pore-forming agent for porous bone graft and non-load-bearing material in both orthopaedics and maxillofacial applications. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
dc.language	en
dc.publisher	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
dc.relation.ispartof	Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1007/s41779-022-00702-9
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.title	Synthesis and cytotoxicity analysis of porous β-TCP/starch bioceramics
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	58
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CHT - Health Technologies
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Centre for Health Technologies (CHT)
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
dc.date.updated	2023-02-14T03:53:27Z
pubs.issue	2
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	58
utslib.citation.issue	2

Abstract:

The production of porous ceramics for biomedical applications is widely available in the Ceramics industry. In bioceramic applications, interconnected pores are pertinent to increase osteoconductivity and cell proliferation. However, an increase in pore size and the pore amount decrease the mechanical properties. For this reason, pore properties must be precisely controlled. In this study, the effect of a natural pore-forming agent, corn starch addition, and sintering conditions on mechanical properties and biocompatibility was investigated. During mixing, four different starch amounts (1, 3, 5, and 10 wt%) were added to pure beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) ceramic powders and pressed. Pressed pellets were sintered at 1000, 1100, 1200, and 1300 °C. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to investigate microstructure, texture, pore size, and cell adhesion. The mechanical properties of the β-TCP ceramic parts were further characterized by measuring the density and compressive strength. Cytotoxicity tests were carried out with MTT assays. The optimum mechanical properties were obtained at 1100 °C sintered biocomposites. Although starch starts to burn around 410 °C and analytical results show no presence of starch after the sintering process, biocomposites initially containing 10% starch showed improved cell proliferation. However, a reduction of 59% in compressive strength and a 16% reduction in the density were also recorded. It was observed that 10 wt% starch addition increases cell proliferation by 10% in sintered β-TCP samples. Starch powder additions can be used to increase the cell viability of the material by facilitating the creation of pores, as a low-cost pore-forming agent for porous bone graft and non-load-bearing material in both orthopaedics and maxillofacial applications. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/166108