Time outdoors positively associates with academic performance: a school-based study with objective monitoring of outdoor time.

Wang, J; Sankaridurg, P; Naduvilath, T; Li, W; Morgan, IG; Rose, KA; Weng, R; Xu, X; He, X

Time outdoors positively associates with academic performance: a school-based study with objective monitoring of outdoor time.

Wang, J Sankaridurg, P Naduvilath, T Li, W Morgan, IG Rose, KA Weng, R Xu, X He, X

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Publisher:: Springer Nature
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: BMC Public Health, 2023, 23, (1), pp. 645
Issue Date:: 2023-04-04

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Wang, J
dc.contributor.author	Sankaridurg, P
dc.contributor.author	Naduvilath, T
dc.contributor.author	Li, W
dc.contributor.author	Morgan, IG
dc.contributor.author	Rose, KA
dc.contributor.author	Weng, R
dc.contributor.author	Xu, X
dc.contributor.author	He, X
dc.date.accessioned	2024-03-07T06:04:21Z
dc.date.available	2023-03-27
dc.date.available	2024-03-07T06:04:21Z
dc.date.issued	2023-04-04
dc.identifier.citation	BMC Public Health, 2023, 23, (1), pp. 645
dc.identifier.issn	1471-2458
dc.identifier.issn	1471-2458
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/176287
dc.description.abstract	BACKGROUND: To explore the relationship between outdoor time and academic performance among school-aged children. METHODS: This study was designed as a cross-sectional study. Data were derived from a school-based prospective children myopia intervention study (STORM). Outdoor time was recorded by self-developed algorithm-validated wristwatches in real-time and calculated as the cumulative average of 10 months. The academic performance was recorded and provided by the participating schools and further standardized. Other information was collected using an online standardized questionnaire. Mixed-effects model and B-Spline method were used to investigate the association between time spent on different types of daily activity, including outdoor activity and academic performance. RESULTS: A total of 3291 children with mean age 9.25 years were included in the final analysis. Overall, outdoor time was associated with academic performance in a non-linear manner; specifically, not exceeding 2.3 h per day, outdoor time was positively associated with academic performance; exceeding 2.3 h per day, this association became non-significant. Likewise, daily sleep duration and out-of-school learning time were associated with academic performance in a non-linear manner, resulting in turning points of 11.3 and 1.4 h per day, respectively. Separate analysis showed that outdoor time and sleep duration but not out-of-school learning time were positively associated with academic performance in Chinese, mathematics and English. CONCLUSION: Outdoor time, sleep duration and out-of-school learning time were associated with academic performance in a non-linear manner. Promotion of outdoor time may not negatively impact on academic performance. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Our study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02980445).
dc.format	Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Springer Nature
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/GNT1034329
dc.relation	The Rebecca L Cooper Medical Research Foundation L
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/APP1121979
dc.relation	University of Technology Sydney
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1034329
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1121979
dc.relation.ispartof	BMC Public Health
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1186/s12889-023-15532-y
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	1117 Public Health and Health Services
dc.subject.classification	Public Health
dc.subject.classification	4202 Epidemiology
dc.subject.classification	4203 Health services and systems
dc.subject.classification	4206 Public health
dc.subject.mesh	Child
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Prospective Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Schools
dc.subject.mesh	Organizations
dc.subject.mesh	Surveys and Questionnaires
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Prospective Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Schools
dc.subject.mesh	Child
dc.subject.mesh	Organizations
dc.subject.mesh	Surveys and Questionnaires
dc.subject.mesh	Child
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Cross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Prospective Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Schools
dc.subject.mesh	Organizations
dc.subject.mesh	Surveys and Questionnaires
dc.title	Time outdoors positively associates with academic performance: a school-based study with objective monitoring of outdoor time.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	23
utslib.location.activity	England
utslib.for	1117 Public Health and Health Services
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health/Graduate School of Health
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health/Graduate School of Health/GSH.Orthoptics
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.date.updated	2024-03-07T06:04:20Z
pubs.issue	1
pubs.publication-status	Published online
pubs.volume	23
utslib.citation.issue	1

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: To explore the relationship between outdoor time and academic performance among school-aged children. METHODS: This study was designed as a cross-sectional study. Data were derived from a school-based prospective children myopia intervention study (STORM). Outdoor time was recorded by self-developed algorithm-validated wristwatches in real-time and calculated as the cumulative average of 10 months. The academic performance was recorded and provided by the participating schools and further standardized. Other information was collected using an online standardized questionnaire. Mixed-effects model and B-Spline method were used to investigate the association between time spent on different types of daily activity, including outdoor activity and academic performance. RESULTS: A total of 3291 children with mean age 9.25 years were included in the final analysis. Overall, outdoor time was associated with academic performance in a non-linear manner; specifically, not exceeding 2.3 h per day, outdoor time was positively associated with academic performance; exceeding 2.3 h per day, this association became non-significant. Likewise, daily sleep duration and out-of-school learning time were associated with academic performance in a non-linear manner, resulting in turning points of 11.3 and 1.4 h per day, respectively. Separate analysis showed that outdoor time and sleep duration but not out-of-school learning time were positively associated with academic performance in Chinese, mathematics and English. CONCLUSION: Outdoor time, sleep duration and out-of-school learning time were associated with academic performance in a non-linear manner. Promotion of outdoor time may not negatively impact on academic performance. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Our study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02980445).

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/176287