A systematic review and meta-analysis of food handling practices in Ghana vis-a-vis the associated factors among food handlers during 2009 and 2022
- Publisher:
- Springer Nature
- Publication Type:
- Journal Article
- Citation:
- Scientific Reports, 2023, 13, (1), pp. 18748
- Issue Date:
- 2023-10-31
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Foodborne diseases FBDs are a major public health concern especially in Sub Saharan African SSA countries such as Ghana where poor food handling practices FHPs are prevalent To estimate the pooled proportion of good FHPs and the associated factors among Ghanaian food handlers this systematic review and meta analysis was conducted to aid scholars practitioners and policymakers in devising FBD preventable interventions The scientific databases PubMed Google Scholar Science Direct African Journals Online ProQuest and Directory of Open Access Journals were systematically searched until April 19 2023 for relevant literature Observational studies meeting the inclusion criteria of reported good FHPs among food handlers were included Three authors independently searched the database assessed the risks of bias and extracted the data from the shortlisted articles A random effects model with the DerSimonian and Laird model was used to estimate the pooled effect size of FHPs and the pooled odds ratio POR of FHP associated factors Out of the 2019 records collated 33 with a total sample size of 6095 food handlers met the inclusion criteria for meta analysis The pooled proportion of good FHPs among Ghanaian food handlers was 55 8 95 Cl 48 7 62 8 I2 97 4 p 0 001 Lack of food safety training POR 0 10 95 CI 0 03 0 35 p 0 001 and inadequate knowledge of food hygiene POR 0 36 95 CI 0 01 10 19 p 0 001 were identified as the critical good FHP associated factors The study showed that the proportion of good FHPs among Ghanaian food handlers was 55 8 To increase knowledge of food hygiene among food handlers the Ghanaian Food and Drugs Authority FDA is recommended to provide regular training on food safety for the well being of the general public
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