Meniere's disease: Pathogenesis, treatments, and emerging approaches for an idiopathic bioenvironmental disorder
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Publication Type:
- Journal Article
- Citation:
- Environmental Research, 2023, 238, (Pt 1), pp. 116972
- Issue Date:
- 2023-12
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Meniere s disease MD is a severe inner ear condition known by debilitating symptoms including spontaneous vertigo fluctuating and progressive hearing loss tinnitus and aural fullness or pressure within the affected ear Prosper Meniere first described the origins of MD in the 1860s but its underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive today Nevertheless researchers have identified a key histopathological feature called Endolymphatic Hydrops ELH which refers to the excessive buildup of endolymph fluid in the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear The exact root of ELH is not fully understood Still it is believed to involve several biological and bioenvironmental etiological factors such as genetics autoimmunity infection trauma allergy and new theories such as saccular otoconia blocking the endolymphatic duct and sac Regarding treatment there are no reliable and definitive cures for MD Most therapies focus on managing symptoms and improving the overall quality of patients life To make significant advancements in addressing MD it is crucial to gain a fundamental understanding of the disease process laying the groundwork for more effective therapeutic approaches This paper provides a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology of MD with a focus on old and recent theories Current treatment strategies and future translational approaches with low level evidence but promising results related to MD are also discussed including patents drug delivery and nanotechnology that may provide future benefits to patients suffering from MD
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