Salt and sugar intakes of adults in the central division of Fiji: findings from a nutrition survey in 2022.

Moala Silatolu, A; Santos, JA; Palu, A; Nand, D; Deo, A; Kama, A; Lolohea, S; Vakaloloma, U; Seru, L; Naivunivuni, P; Kumar, S; Tawakilai, H; Vimatemate, E; Sanif, M; Misavu, A; Prasad, AU; Patay, D; Woodward, M; Rogers, K; Reeve, E; Bell, C; Webster, J; Waqa, G; McKenzie, BL

Salt and sugar intakes of adults in the central division of Fiji: findings from a nutrition survey in 2022.

Moala Silatolu, A Santos, JA Palu, A Nand, D Deo, A Kama, A Lolohea, S Vakaloloma, U Seru, L Naivunivuni, P Kumar, S Tawakilai, H Vimatemate, E Sanif, M Misavu, A Prasad, AU Patay, D Woodward, M Rogers, K

Reeve, E Bell, C Webster, J Waqa, G McKenzie, BL

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Publisher:: Elsevier
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Lancet Reg Health West Pac, 2024, 46, pp. 101074
Issue Date:: 2024-05

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Moala Silatolu, A
dc.contributor.author	Santos, JA
dc.contributor.author	Palu, A
dc.contributor.author	Nand, D
dc.contributor.author	Deo, A
dc.contributor.author	Kama, A
dc.contributor.author	Lolohea, S
dc.contributor.author	Vakaloloma, U
dc.contributor.author	Seru, L
dc.contributor.author	Naivunivuni, P
dc.contributor.author	Kumar, S
dc.contributor.author	Tawakilai, H
dc.contributor.author	Vimatemate, E
dc.contributor.author	Sanif, M
dc.contributor.author	Misavu, A
dc.contributor.author	Prasad, AU
dc.contributor.author	Patay, D
dc.contributor.author	Woodward, M
dc.contributor.author	Rogers, K https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5497-4298
dc.contributor.author	Reeve, E
dc.contributor.author	Bell, C
dc.contributor.author	Webster, J
dc.contributor.author	Waqa, G
dc.contributor.author	McKenzie, BL
dc.date.accessioned	2024-08-06T01:20:43Z
dc.date.available	2024-04-11
dc.date.available	2024-08-06T01:20:43Z
dc.date.issued	2024-05
dc.identifier.citation	Lancet Reg Health West Pac, 2024, 46, pp. 101074
dc.identifier.issn	2666-6065
dc.identifier.issn	2666-6065
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/180030
dc.description.abstract	BACKGROUND: Excess salt and sugar consumption contribute to diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension. This study aimed to estimate salt and sugar intakes and main sources, in a population of adults in the Central Division of Fiji. METHODS: One adult per household was randomly selected to participate (n = 700). Sociodemographic characteristics; blood pressure, weight, and height; a 24-h diet recall; and spot-urine samples were collected, with 24-h urine samples from a sub-sample (n = 200). Sugar intake was estimated from the 24-h diet recalls and salt intake from the spot-urines. 24-hr diet recall was used to identify main sources of salt and sugar by food groups. FINDINGS: 534 adults (response rate 76%, 50% women, mean age 42 years) participated. Salt intake was 8.8 g/day (95% CI, 8.7-9.0), and free sugar intake was 74.1 g/day (67.5-80.7), 16.1% of total energy intake (15.0-17.1%). Main sources of salt were mixed cooked dishes (40.9% (38.2-43.5)), and bread and bakery products (28.7% (26.5-31.0)). Main sources of sugar were table sugars, honey, and related products (24.3% (21.7-26.8)), non-alcoholic beverages (21.4% (18.8-24.0)) and bread and bakery products (18.0% (16.2-19.9)). INTERPRETATION: Salt and sugar intakes exceeded World Health Organization recommendations in this sample of adults. Given dietary sources were foods high in salt and sugar, along with the addition to food or drinks, interventions focused on behavior along with environmental strategies to encourage healthier choices are needed. FUNDING: NHMRC and GACD grant APP1169322.
dc.format	Electronic-eCollection
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Elsevier
dc.relation.ispartof	Lancet Reg Health West Pac
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101074
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.classification	3202 Clinical sciences
dc.subject.classification	4203 Health services and systems
dc.subject.classification	4206 Public health
dc.title	Salt and sugar intakes of adults in the central division of Fiji: findings from a nutrition survey in 2022.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	46
utslib.location.activity	England
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/All Manual Groups
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/All Manual Groups/INSIGHT: Institute for Innovative Solutions for Well-being and Health
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.rights.license	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.date.updated	2024-08-06T01:20:40Z
pubs.publication-status	Published online
pubs.volume	46

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Excess salt and sugar consumption contribute to diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension. This study aimed to estimate salt and sugar intakes and main sources, in a population of adults in the Central Division of Fiji. METHODS: One adult per household was randomly selected to participate (n = 700). Sociodemographic characteristics; blood pressure, weight, and height; a 24-h diet recall; and spot-urine samples were collected, with 24-h urine samples from a sub-sample (n = 200). Sugar intake was estimated from the 24-h diet recalls and salt intake from the spot-urines. 24-hr diet recall was used to identify main sources of salt and sugar by food groups. FINDINGS: 534 adults (response rate 76%, 50% women, mean age 42 years) participated. Salt intake was 8.8 g/day (95% CI, 8.7-9.0), and free sugar intake was 74.1 g/day (67.5-80.7), 16.1% of total energy intake (15.0-17.1%). Main sources of salt were mixed cooked dishes (40.9% (38.2-43.5)), and bread and bakery products (28.7% (26.5-31.0)). Main sources of sugar were table sugars, honey, and related products (24.3% (21.7-26.8)), non-alcoholic beverages (21.4% (18.8-24.0)) and bread and bakery products (18.0% (16.2-19.9)). INTERPRETATION: Salt and sugar intakes exceeded World Health Organization recommendations in this sample of adults. Given dietary sources were foods high in salt and sugar, along with the addition to food or drinks, interventions focused on behavior along with environmental strategies to encourage healthier choices are needed. FUNDING: NHMRC and GACD grant APP1169322.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/180030