Miniemulsion polymerization based on in situ surfactant formation without high-energy homogenization: Effects of organic acid and counter ion

Guo, Y; Teo, VL; Ting, SRS; Zetterlund, PB

Miniemulsion polymerization based on in situ surfactant formation without high-energy homogenization: Effects of organic acid and counter ion

Guo, Y Teo, VL Ting, SRS

Zetterlund, PB

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Polymer Journal, 2012, 44 (5), pp. 375 - 381
Issue Date:: 2012-05-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Guo, Y	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Teo, VL	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Ting, SRS https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-7906	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Zetterlund, PB	en_US
dc.date.issued	2012-05-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Polymer Journal, 2012, 44 (5), pp. 375 - 381	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0032-3896	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/31045
dc.description.abstract	Miniemulsion polymerization of styrene based on the in situ surfactant-generation technique has been investigated for a range of carboxylic acids and counterions. This technique relies on in situ formation of the surfactant at the oil-water interface and circumvents the use of traditional high-energy mixing (for example, ultrasonication) for generation of the initial miniemulsion. Miniemulsion polymerizations have been conducted successfully using the carboxylic acids lauric acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid, respectively. Coagulation/phase separation was not observed and the number-average particle diameters were < 100 nm. The counterions K +, Na + and Li + were investigated in combination with five different carboxylic acids (all permutations), revealing that satisfactory miniemulsion formation/stability could only be obtained with K +. Results of miniemulsion polymerizations conducted in the presence of an aqueous-phase radical scavenger were consistent with predominant monomer droplet nucleation. Use of the corresponding preformed surfactants added to the aqueous phase, without high-energy mixing, did not result in sufficiently stable initial (before polymerization) miniemulsions. © 2012 The Society of Polymer Science, Japan (SPSJ) All rights reserved.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Polymer Journal	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1038/pj.2012.7	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Polymers	en_US
dc.title	Miniemulsion polymerization based on in situ surfactant formation without high-energy homogenization: Effects of organic acid and counter ion	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	5	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	44	en_US
utslib.for	0303 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry	en_US
utslib.for	0912 Materials Engineering	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CHT - Health Technologies
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	5	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	44	en_US

Abstract:

Miniemulsion polymerization of styrene based on the in situ surfactant-generation technique has been investigated for a range of carboxylic acids and counterions. This technique relies on in situ formation of the surfactant at the oil-water interface and circumvents the use of traditional high-energy mixing (for example, ultrasonication) for generation of the initial miniemulsion. Miniemulsion polymerizations have been conducted successfully using the carboxylic acids lauric acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid, respectively. Coagulation/phase separation was not observed and the number-average particle diameters were < 100 nm. The counterions K +, Na + and Li + were investigated in combination with five different carboxylic acids (all permutations), revealing that satisfactory miniemulsion formation/stability could only be obtained with K +. Results of miniemulsion polymerizations conducted in the presence of an aqueous-phase radical scavenger were consistent with predominant monomer droplet nucleation. Use of the corresponding preformed surfactants added to the aqueous phase, without high-energy mixing, did not result in sufficiently stable initial (before polymerization) miniemulsions. © 2012 The Society of Polymer Science, Japan (SPSJ) All rights reserved.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/31045