Long-term cigarette smoke exposure increases uncoupling protein expression but reduces energy intake

Chen, H; Hansen, MJ; Jones, JE; Vlahos, R; Anderson, GP; Morris, MJ

Long-term cigarette smoke exposure increases uncoupling protein expression but reduces energy intake

Chen, H

Hansen, MJ Jones, JE Vlahos, R Anderson, GP Morris, MJ

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Brain Research, 2008, 1228 pp. 81 - 88
Issue Date:: 2008-09-04

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Chen, H https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-3752	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Hansen, MJ	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Jones, JE	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Vlahos, R	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Anderson, GP	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Morris, MJ	en_US
dc.date.available	2008-06-19	en_US
dc.date.issued	2008-09-04	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Brain Research, 2008, 1228 pp. 81 - 88	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0006-8993	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/9671
dc.description.abstract	The appetite suppressing effect of tobacco is a major driver of smoking behaviour; however few studies have addressed the effects of chronic cigarette smoke exposure (SE) on appetite, body weight and metabolic markers. We compared the effects of SE to equivalent food restriction (pair-fed, PF), against sham-exposure, on body weight, adiposity, cytokines, and levels of uncoupling proteins (UCP) and brain neuropeptide Y (NPY) in male Balb/C mice. SE rapidly induced anorexia, and after 12 weeks, SE and PF groups were lighter than control animals (23.9 ± 0.2, 25.5 ± 0.5, 26.8 ± 0.4 g respectively, P < 0.05). White fat (WAT) masses were reduced by both SE and PF. Plasma leptin and insulin were reduced in SE mice; insulin was further reduced by PF. Brown fat UCP1 and 3 mRNA were increased in SE animals relative to PF animals, possibly promoting thermogenesis. WAT mRNA expression of the inflammatory cytokine, TNFα was doubled by SE, while IL-6 was reduced by both PF and SE. Hypothalamic NPY content was increased by SE (89.3 ± 2.8 vs. 75.9 ± 2.4 ng control, P < 0.05), and more by PF (100.7 ± 3.4 ng, P < 0.05 compared to both groups), suggesting disinhibition due to reduced adipose derived leptin. In contrast to equivalent food restriction, cigarette smoke exposure reduced body weight and total hypothalamic NPY, and increased thermogenesis and markers of inflammation. The suppressed hypothalamic NPY and increased UCPs may contribute to the spontaneous hypophagia and extra weight loss in SE animals. These findings contribute to our understanding of weight loss in smoking-related lung disease, suggesting a greater impact than that due to anorexia alone. Crown Copyright © 2008.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Brain Research	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.brainres.2008.06.067	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Neurology & Neurosurgery	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Animals	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Mice, Inbred BALB C	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Mice	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Tobacco	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Body Weight	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Corticosterone	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Insulin	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Leptin	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Neuropeptide Y	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Ion Channels	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Mitochondrial Proteins	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	RNA, Messenger	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Interleukin-6	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Cytokines	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Radioimmunoassay	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Analysis of Variance	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Smoke	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Gene Expression Regulation	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Energy Intake	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Time Factors	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Male	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Adiposity	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Adipose Tissue, Brown	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Adipose Tissue, White	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Uncoupling Protein 1	en_US
dc.title	Long-term cigarette smoke exposure increases uncoupling protein expression but reduces energy intake	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	1228	en_US
utslib.for	0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology	en_US
utslib.for	1109 Neurosciences	en_US
utslib.for	1701 Psychology	en_US
utslib.for	1702 Cognitive Sciences	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CHT - Health Technologies
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	1228	en_US

Abstract:

The appetite suppressing effect of tobacco is a major driver of smoking behaviour; however few studies have addressed the effects of chronic cigarette smoke exposure (SE) on appetite, body weight and metabolic markers. We compared the effects of SE to equivalent food restriction (pair-fed, PF), against sham-exposure, on body weight, adiposity, cytokines, and levels of uncoupling proteins (UCP) and brain neuropeptide Y (NPY) in male Balb/C mice. SE rapidly induced anorexia, and after 12 weeks, SE and PF groups were lighter than control animals (23.9 ± 0.2, 25.5 ± 0.5, 26.8 ± 0.4 g respectively, P < 0.05). White fat (WAT) masses were reduced by both SE and PF. Plasma leptin and insulin were reduced in SE mice; insulin was further reduced by PF. Brown fat UCP1 and 3 mRNA were increased in SE animals relative to PF animals, possibly promoting thermogenesis. WAT mRNA expression of the inflammatory cytokine, TNFα was doubled by SE, while IL-6 was reduced by both PF and SE. Hypothalamic NPY content was increased by SE (89.3 ± 2.8 vs. 75.9 ± 2.4 ng control, P < 0.05), and more by PF (100.7 ± 3.4 ng, P < 0.05 compared to both groups), suggesting disinhibition due to reduced adipose derived leptin. In contrast to equivalent food restriction, cigarette smoke exposure reduced body weight and total hypothalamic NPY, and increased thermogenesis and markers of inflammation. The suppressed hypothalamic NPY and increased UCPs may contribute to the spontaneous hypophagia and extra weight loss in SE animals. These findings contribute to our understanding of weight loss in smoking-related lung disease, suggesting a greater impact than that due to anorexia alone. Crown Copyright © 2008.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/9671