Comparison of Nanofiltration with Reverse Osmosis in Reclaiming Tertiary Treated Municipal Wastewater for Irrigation Purposes

Altaee, A; Hafiz, MA; Hawari, AH; Alfahel, R; Hassan, MK

Comparison of Nanofiltration with Reverse Osmosis in Reclaiming Tertiary Treated Municipal Wastewater for Irrigation Purposes

Altaee, A

Hafiz, MA Hawari, AH Alfahel, R Hassan, MK

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Publisher:: MDPI AG
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Membranes, 2021, 11, pp. 1-13
Issue Date:: 2021-01-02

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Altaee, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-3974
dc.contributor.author	Hafiz, MA
dc.contributor.author	Hawari, AH
dc.contributor.author	Alfahel, R
dc.contributor.author	Hassan, MK
dc.date.accessioned	2021-01-02T23:30:02Z
dc.date.available	2021-01-02T23:30:02Z
dc.date.issued	2021-01-02
dc.identifier.citation	Membranes, 2021, 11, pp. 1-13
dc.identifier.issn	2077-0375
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/145029
dc.description.abstract	This study investigates the performance of reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) for the reclamation of ultra-filtered treated sewage effluent (TSE) for irrigation of food crops. RO and NF technologies were evaluated at different applied pressures, the performance of each technology was evaluated in terms of water flux, recovery rate, specific energy consumption and quality of permeate. It was found that the permeate from the reverse osmosis (RO) process complied with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) standards at applied pressures between 10 bar and 18 bar. At an applied pressure of 20 bar the permeate quality did not comply with irrigation water standards in terms of chloride, sodium and calcium concentration. It was found that the nanofiltration process was not suitable for the reclamation of wastewater as the concentration of chloride, sodium and calcium exceeded the allowable limits at all applied pressures. In the reverse osmosis process, the highest recovery rate was 36% achieved at an applied pressure of 16 bar. The specific energy consumption at this applied pressure was 0.56 kWh/m3. The lowest specific energy of 0.46 kWh/m3 was achieved at an applied pressure of 12 bar with a water recovery rate of 32.7%.
dc.language	en
dc.publisher	MDPI AG
dc.relation.ispartof	Membranes
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.3390/membranes11010032
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	0904 Chemical Engineering, 0905 Civil Engineering, 0907 Environmental Engineering
dc.title	Comparison of Nanofiltration with Reverse Osmosis in Reclaiming Tertiary Treated Municipal Wastewater for Irrigation Purposes
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	11
utslib.for	0904 Chemical Engineering
utslib.for	0905 Civil Engineering
utslib.for	0907 Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CTWW - Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
pubs.consider-herdc	false
dc.date.updated	2021-01-02T23:29:59Z
pubs.volume	11

Abstract:

This study investigates the performance of reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) for the reclamation of ultra-filtered treated sewage effluent (TSE) for irrigation of food crops. RO and NF technologies were evaluated at different applied pressures, the performance of each technology was evaluated in terms of water flux, recovery rate, specific energy consumption and quality of permeate. It was found that the permeate from the reverse osmosis (RO) process complied with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) standards at applied pressures between 10 bar and 18 bar. At an applied pressure of 20 bar the permeate quality did not comply with irrigation water standards in terms of chloride, sodium and calcium concentration. It was found that the nanofiltration process was not suitable for the reclamation of wastewater as the concentration of chloride, sodium and calcium exceeded the allowable limits at all applied pressures. In the reverse osmosis process, the highest recovery rate was 36% achieved at an applied pressure of 16 bar. The specific energy consumption at this applied pressure was 0.56 kWh/m3. The lowest specific energy of 0.46 kWh/m3 was achieved at an applied pressure of 12 bar with a water recovery rate of 32.7%.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/145029