A Comparison of Performance, Emissions, and Lube Oil Deterioration for Gasoline–Ethanol Fuel

Ahmed, W; Usman, M; Shah, MH; Abbas, MM; Saleem, MW; Kalam, MA; Mahmoud, O

A Comparison of Performance, Emissions, and Lube Oil Deterioration for Gasoline–Ethanol Fuel

Ahmed, W Usman, M Shah, MH Abbas, MM Saleem, MW Kalam, MA Mahmoud, O

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Publisher:: MDPI
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Processes, 2022, 10, (5)
Issue Date:: 2022-05-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Ahmed, W
dc.contributor.author	Usman, M
dc.contributor.author	Shah, MH
dc.contributor.author	Abbas, MM
dc.contributor.author	Saleem, MW
dc.contributor.author	Kalam, MA
dc.contributor.author	Mahmoud, O
dc.date.accessioned	2023-01-23T02:56:49Z
dc.date.available	2023-01-23T02:56:49Z
dc.date.issued	2022-05-01
dc.identifier.citation	Processes, 2022, 10, (5)
dc.identifier.issn	2227-9717
dc.identifier.issn	2227-9717
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/165356
dc.description.abstract	Over the years, due to the surge in energy demand, the use of alternative fuels has emerged as an interesting area of research. In the current work, a comparative study was conducted by employing gasoline, 6% ethanol–gasoline (E6), and 12% ethanol–gasoline (E12) in a spark-ignition engine. Performance, emissions, and lube oil damage tests were conducted at a constant load by varying engine speed. E12 showed improved performance, i.e., 7.82% higher torque and 14.69% improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE) in comparison with neat gasoline. In addition, CO, CO2, HC, and NOx emissions were found to be minimal for E12. Furthermore, lubricating oil properties (kinematic viscosity, flash point, and total base number (TBN)) and wear debris (iron, aluminum, and copper) showed a visibly improved performance with gasoline compared to E6 and E12. The highest decline in kinematic viscosity of 27.87%, compared to fresh oil, was recorded for E12. Thus, the lube oil properties have to be modified according to the chemical properties of the alternative fuel.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	MDPI
dc.relation.ispartof	Processes
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.3390/pr10050876
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	0904 Chemical Engineering
dc.title	A Comparison of Performance, Emissions, and Lube Oil Deterioration for Gasoline–Ethanol Fuel
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	10
utslib.for	0904 Chemical Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.date.updated	2023-01-23T02:56:48Z
pubs.issue	5
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	10
utslib.citation.issue	5

Abstract:

Over the years, due to the surge in energy demand, the use of alternative fuels has emerged as an interesting area of research. In the current work, a comparative study was conducted by employing gasoline, 6% ethanol–gasoline (E6), and 12% ethanol–gasoline (E12) in a spark-ignition engine. Performance, emissions, and lube oil damage tests were conducted at a constant load by varying engine speed. E12 showed improved performance, i.e., 7.82% higher torque and 14.69% improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE) in comparison with neat gasoline. In addition, CO, CO2, HC, and NOx emissions were found to be minimal for E12. Furthermore, lubricating oil properties (kinematic viscosity, flash point, and total base number (TBN)) and wear debris (iron, aluminum, and copper) showed a visibly improved performance with gasoline compared to E6 and E12. The highest decline in kinematic viscosity of 27.87%, compared to fresh oil, was recorded for E12. Thus, the lube oil properties have to be modified according to the chemical properties of the alternative fuel.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/165356