Optimal sizing and energy management of an electric vehicle powertrain equipped with two motors and multi-gear ratios

Nguyen, CT; Walker, PD; Zhou, S; Zhang, N

Optimal sizing and energy management of an electric vehicle powertrain equipped with two motors and multi-gear ratios

Nguyen, CT Walker, PD Zhou, S

Zhang, N

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Publisher:: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2022, 167
Issue Date:: 2022-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Nguyen, CT
dc.contributor.author	Walker, PD
dc.contributor.author	Zhou, S https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-141X
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, N
dc.date.accessioned	2023-03-09T05:37:04Z
dc.date.available	2023-03-09T05:37:04Z
dc.date.issued	2022-01-01
dc.identifier.citation	Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2022, 167
dc.identifier.issn	0094-114X
dc.identifier.issn	1873-3999
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/166822
dc.description.abstract	This paper aims to fully exploit the superior advantages in improving energy economy and dynamic performance of an electric vehicle powertrain equipped with two motors and multi-gear ratios. Considering the dependence of gear ratio selection on motor sizing, a two-loop optimization algorithm, combined by the global search method and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II, is proposed to find optimal motor sizes and transmission ratios. An energy management strategy with novel shift schedules based on the equivalent efficiency of two motors, current engaged gears, and driving conditions is then recommended. The energy management strategy also optimizes the torque allocation to two motors to minimize electricity consumption. Subject to the total of motor peak powers being constant, simulation results for a case study of urban bus show that the optimization of both motor sizes and gear ratios considerably enhances the energy efficiency of powertrain system. In comparison with a single-motor powertrain, optimal motor scales of larger than 0.42 and corresponding gear ratios reduce the electricity consumption significantly by 4.82−5.08%. Besides, the introduced energy management strategy with optimal shift schedules is proved to ensure comparably maximum efficiency while effectively preventing unnecessary and repeated gear changes.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
dc.relation.ispartof	Mechanism and Machine Theory
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2021.104513
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0910 Manufacturing Engineering, 0913 Mechanical Engineering
dc.subject.classification	Design Practice & Management
dc.title	Optimal sizing and energy management of an electric vehicle powertrain equipped with two motors and multi-gear ratios
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	167
utslib.for	0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering
utslib.for	0910 Manufacturing Engineering
utslib.for	0913 Mechanical Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
dc.date.updated	2023-03-09T05:37:03Z
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	167

Abstract:

This paper aims to fully exploit the superior advantages in improving energy economy and dynamic performance of an electric vehicle powertrain equipped with two motors and multi-gear ratios. Considering the dependence of gear ratio selection on motor sizing, a two-loop optimization algorithm, combined by the global search method and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II, is proposed to find optimal motor sizes and transmission ratios. An energy management strategy with novel shift schedules based on the equivalent efficiency of two motors, current engaged gears, and driving conditions is then recommended. The energy management strategy also optimizes the torque allocation to two motors to minimize electricity consumption. Subject to the total of motor peak powers being constant, simulation results for a case study of urban bus show that the optimization of both motor sizes and gear ratios considerably enhances the energy efficiency of powertrain system. In comparison with a single-motor powertrain, optimal motor scales of larger than 0.42 and corresponding gear ratios reduce the electricity consumption significantly by 4.82−5.08%. Besides, the introduced energy management strategy with optimal shift schedules is proved to ensure comparably maximum efficiency while effectively preventing unnecessary and repeated gear changes.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/166822